Osteochondrosis is a chronic recurrent disease that occurs on the basis of continuous destruction of the vertebra and interatorebral disc.Depending on the localization of vertebrates through degeneration changes, they distinguish between breast disease, lumbosacralis disease, as well as neck.The leading symptoms of osteoarthritis are pain, its severity increases during exertion, the hardness of the motion.In the clinical picture, there are usually signs of vertebrae: headache, blood pressure jump, vision loss and hearing.
Diagnosis is based on the results of the tool research - X -ray, MRI, CT.In the treatment of osteoarthritis, drugs of different clinical and pharmacological groups are used.To increase their clinical effect, physical and massage procedures are carried out.One of the main methods of therapy and prevention is physical therapy exercises.
The development mechanism of the disease
The pathogenesis of osteoarthritis is based on the loss of pulposus by the core of its water -loving properties.This semi -automatic structure includes connective tissue fibers and coats.When a person grew up, there was a reduction in vascular channel in each plate between vertebrae.The amount of nutrients in it is different, that is, according to the principle of spontaneous equilibrium of the concentration.This explains the impossible of completely restoring cartilage tissue after injury or over -exertion on the spine.
The processes of osteoarthritis worsen changes in hormones and unbalanced diets.The amount of nutrients sufficient for their full function does not enter the cartilage tissue, which causes the following disorders of their structure and properties:
- Lost strength and elasticity;
- Form, consistency and configuration change.
The disc is flattened, and the piercing cracks are formed in fibers.This causes a decrease in the distance between nearby vertebrae.Gradually, the connective tissue of the yarn and ligaments is associated with the pathological process.In response to the decay of tissues, the immune system begins to produce immune globulin, leading to sterile inflammation and edema formation in the joints of joints and soft tissues located nearby.The capsules of the joints are prolonged, so the disc is constantly repairing the vertebrae.And with the instability of the interatorebral segments, the ability to infringe on nerve roots or blood vessels increases.This often happens to cervical joint disease and causes its clear symptoms.
Causes and stimulus factors
In the state of the disc, the negative of the skeletal muscles of the spine column adversely affects.The absurd, asymmetric function of the muscles occurs with the person who lasts in a physiological position, for example, with one head down when working at the computer.The destruction of cartilage fabrics can be agitated by the continuous wear of a heavy bag on a shoulder, a dream on a soft mattress and a high pillow.
The negative external and internal factors also increase the speed of destroying the discs:
- endocrine disorders and metabolism;
- Infectious pathology, especially chronic;
- Pre -spinal injury (fracture, bruise);
- Lower body heat often;
- The presence of systemic or degenerative-degenerative disease, psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, osteoporosis.
If a person has a bad habit, then he is at risk.Smoking and alcohol abuse worsen the condition of blood vessels, leading to insufficient blood circulation and lack of nutrients in the cartilage tissue of the disks.
With the presence of a flat foot or club foot, the risk of developing bone and joints of any localization increases significantly.Such congenital or infected defects become a reason for increasing the livelihood for the spine because it is impossible to ensure the depreciation is suitable for support.The factor that tends to appear pathology is obesity.
With the deposition of fat tissue in different parts of the body, the support for equilibrium is complicated, leading to the effects of excessive load on the interatorebral joints.
Clinical image
The first clinical manifestation of cervical bone, chest or waist is back pain.In the process of recurrence, it penetrates, radiating the nearby part of the body.The smallest motion leads to an increase in the severity of pain syndrome.A person's reaction is to apply the mandatory position in which the intensity of uncomfortable feelings is the minimum:
- People with cervical joints like to one side are not their heads, but the whole body;
- With a breast disease, a person is even afraid of breathing in a real breath, because this becomes the cause of acute pain in the chest area;
- Patients with lumbar osteoarthritis are difficult to sit down, stand up and go due to infringement of the spinal nerve.
Most patients complain to the doctor about the stupid constant pain and the feeling of restricting movements in the morning.This requires additional distinct diagnosis to eliminate muscleitis (inflammation of the bone muscles of the back) and osteoarthritis.The reason for the appearance of pain, pain is the tension of muscle tissue to stabilize the vertebra engine.The constant pain syndrome in terms of weakness or average also occurs due to a significant link of the disc and the development of aseptic inflammation.
For osteoarthritis of a certain localization, specific symptoms are characteristic.For example, with lumbar disease, Lumboyshialgia often occurs - a pain in the lower back and back of the thigh.Osteochondrosis chest is clinically manifested by the internal pain in the heart, Hypochondrium on the right, stomach, numbness, increased skin sensitivity, brittle in the vertebra.But the most obvious and diverse symptoms are distinguished by a pathology that affects cervical discs.
Due to the movement of the vertebrae, the formation of bone cells, vertebral arteries is compressed, nourishes the brain cells, provides them with oxygen.A person who is violated the coordination of movements, noise in the ear, headache, artery hypertension.
What can be in case of no treatment
Most complications of osteoarthritis occur due to the formation of herniated disc intervertebral.It is formed when this vertebra structure is shifted, leading to the broken vertical ligament.The disc becomes even more unstable, and part of it protrudes into the brain canal.A hernia is considered to be an explosion if, in its formation process, along with the disc, its purpose core enters the canal.
Such pathological state of vertebrates tends to compress the spinal cord and the development of musculoskeletal disease.Clinically, it manifests itself in the position and weakness of some muscle groups of the legs or arms, paresis, muscle atrophy, a change in tendon reflexes.Disorders of bladder drums and (or) intestines may also be observed.Due to the formation of Intervertebral hernia, the arteries feeding the spinal cord are forced.The ischemic areas are formed, in which all nerve cells have been killed.Neurological deficiencies occur - the movements are violated, the sensitivity is reduced and the trothy is uncomfortable.
Treatment tactics
Osteochondrosis does not lend to complete the healing method, because so far the drugs have not been synthesized, the amount of which will help restore damaged discs and vertebrae.But treatment plans must include chondroprotors - a symptom of a slow action.Priority is given to drugs with chondroitin components that work with sulfate and (or) glucosamine sulfate (hydrochloride).
The clinical effect of these drugs is confirmed by the results of many years of research.With the lasting admission (from 3 months to 2 years), the regeneration of a part of cartilage tissue occurs, as well as other connective tissue structures - ligaments, tendons, bournes.When they accumulate in the discs of glucosamine and chondroitin, they begin to promote analgesic effect, painkillers, anti -inflammatory drugs.This allows you to reduce the dose of NSAID, glucocorticosteroids, muscle relaxants, thus reducing the amount of pharmacological load on the body.
The medication for joints is not effective with uneven use or use them to treat osteoarthritis at level 3, when observing the significant destruction of cartilage tissue.
In order to eliminate the symptoms that often occur with cervical or breast osteoarthritis, the drug is used to improve blood circulation, Nootropics, a drug that helps improve the microcirculation of the maze used for vestibular diseases.
If necessary, antidepressants, anti -convulsions are included in the treatment options.
In the treatment of osteoarthritis, physical therapy procedures are used: UHF therapy, from chemotherapy, laser therapy.Reflective therapy, massage, exercise therapy, hirud therapy, swimming, yoga are used.With the inefficiency of conservative treatment, the patient is showing surgical intervention.Practical practice is practiced by disc, laser regeneration or replacement of transplantation.